The Transient IFN Response and the Delay of Adaptive Immunity Feature the Severity of COVID-19.
Abstract
COVID-19 patients show heterogeneous and dynamic immune features which determine the clinical outcome. Here, we built a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset for dissecting these complicated immune responses through a longitudinal survey of COVID-19 patients with various categories of outcomes. The data reveals a highly fluctuating peripheral immune landscape in severe COVID-19, whereas the one in asymptomatic/mild COVID-19 is relatively steady. Then, the perturbed immune landscape in peripheral blood returned to normal state in those recovered from severe COVID-19. Importantly, the imbalance of the excessively strong innate immune response and delayed adaptive immunity in the early stage of viral infection accelerates the progression of the disease, indicated by a transient strong IFN response and weak T/B-cell specific response. The proportion of abnormal monocytes appeared early and rose further throughout the severe disease. Our data indicate that a dynamic immune landscape is associated with the progression and recovery of severe COVID-19, and have provided multiple immune biomarkers for early warning of severe COVID-19.
Authors: | Xu G, Qi F, Wang H, Liu Y, Wang X, Zou R, Yuan J, Liao X, Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhang Z, |
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Journal: | Front Immunol;2021; 12 816745. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.816745 |
Year: | 2021 |
PubMed: | PMID: 35095917 (Go to PubMed) |